Classic Period
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1750-1800



Composers


Beethoven


Haydn


Gluck


Mozart

Haydn and Mozart crowned symphony as the queen of European music, and the sonata form waits for Beethoven.

Leopold Mozart with his 2 kids - Wolfgang and Anna (1764) Louis de Carmontelle, National Library in ParisMusic in the classic period excels in simplicity and popularity. As opposed to Baroque's polyphonic richness, Haydn1st movement from Symphony No.7 'Midi' - Haydn, Mozart1st movement (Molto Allegro) from Symphony No.40 in Gm, K.550 - Mozart and BeethovenFirst part (Allegro con brio) from Symphony No.5 in Cm, Op.67 - BeethovenFrom symphony No.5 - Beethoven brought, to the world of music, the grand symphonies, written in the sonata form. Emphasis switches to work's form and structure. Composers are meticulous on these, and the pieces they composed are written according to permanent, customary form.
Beethoven summarises the classic period and foresees the work of Romantic composers. Among the prominent composers of the classic period, especially noted is Mozart, who, in spite of his early death, left many ingenious, great pieces; Haydn is considered the father of symphony.

Notation in the classic period
Beethoven's "Eroica" notes with Bonaparte's name erased





Example music from this period
Examples
Symphony No.5 in Cm (First part) - Beethoven
Symphony No.7 'Midi' (1st mov) - Haydn
Sonata No.8 in Cm, Op.13 'Pathetique' - Beethoven
Clarinet quintet in A, K.581 (Part 1) - Mozart
"Ode to Joy" from Symphony No.9 in D- 'Choral', Op.125 - Beethoven



The main musical forms in this period
Typical forms
Sonata
Symphony
Theme & Variations
Concerto
Opera
String quartet


Papageno from Mozart's opera "The Magic Flute"




Study the historical events that were connected with music and how
Historic and Scientific events
1755
First "Dictionary" by Samuel Johnson
1765
James Watt invents the steam engine
1773
Colonies protest against English unfair taxes in the "Boston Tea Party"
1776
America signs the "Declaration of Independence"
1776
Islands of Hawaii discovered by Captain Cook
1783
Brothers Montgolfier launch the first hot air balloon
1789
The French Revolution
1789
George Washington - first president of the USA
1790
Mutiny on the Bounty
1791
U.S. ratify Bill of Rights
1796
The first vaccination developed by Jenner
1798
First lithograph by Senefelder
1799
Napoleon Bonaparte - First Consul of France
1800
In USA, Finley demonstrate the first suspension bridge



Musical instruments technology
1791
First organ without bellows, by a Benedictine monk named Luzuel




The Classical period on the WWW

Arts
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Politics
What happend in the world during that period


Science
Inventions and discoveries in that period


Architecture
This period in the history of architecture


Notes
Read music notes from that period


Period's sites from the internet
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Period's MIDI Files from the internet
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