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Russia
The first Russian composer who
wrote in the spirit of Russian folk music was Glinka.
In his so-called "Russian" operas, as "Life
for the Tsar" and "Roslan and Lyudmila",
and also in his "Fantasia Kamrinskaya",
he incorporated Russian elements and folk songs in an evident, deliberate
manner. He is considered the father of national Russian
music.
His
successors were a group of five, called "the
Mighty handful"
(Moguchia Kuchka), who all composed with popular Russian influences,
among whom are the famous Mussorgski
(the opera
"Boris Gudonov"), Borodin
(the opera "Prince Igor" and the
symphonic poem
"In the Steppes of Central Asia"),
and Rimsky-Korsakov
(the symphonic poem "Sheherazade").
Balakirev, the leader of this group, integrated
the folk elements in both symphonic music and piano repertory (his fantasy
"Islami", is influenced by
the music of Asian and Muslim Russia, emphasizes this).
Even Tchaikovsky,
who was not included in the national school, wrote Russian music, yet it
was integrated delicately and naturally in his Romantic
composition. Armenian Khachaturian
incorporated Armenian music in his symphonic writing, and deployed
orchestral instruments which imitate popular instruments. The ballet music
of "Spartacus" and "Sword
Dance"
from the ballet "Gayane" are examples
for the combination between Romantic symphonic composition and Armenian
folk music.
Dances originated in this country:
Hopak, Gopak
- a cheerful Russian folk dance in an even
meter (2/4). Mussorgski combined it in the opera "Sorochintsy
Fair".
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