Breaking tonality and hail for
dissonance. Running wild with rhythm and deconstruction of musical forms.
nothing is forbidden and everybody can do it. Means of recording, sound
production and possibilities are greater than ever, but audience are less
enthusiastic than ever.
In
the beginning of the 20th century, the tendency began in romanticism
- breaking old forms and conventions - intensified.
Arnold Schönberg
created an atonal
(non-tonal, without a tonic) style of composition,
in which he completely cancels the frame of conventional keys.
He creates the "twelve-tone"
system, in which the musician sets a series of notes and bases his work
on this series. The different parts are independent of each other and there
is no restriction on dissonance between voices. Stravinsky,
however, contributed novelties in fields of rhythm
and the idea of many tonics (polytonality),
and was considered an innovator in the area of structure.
Other trends were creating a "dissonant
counterpoint",
a sort of baroque
polyphony,
yet totally permissive in writing rules.
In
the second half of the century, there was a further general collapse of
conventions. Numerous forms emerged, and every
artist set himself his own style and artistic philosophy. Electronic
music
and elctroacoustic
music, combining electronic equipment and synthesisers with acoustic instruments;
minimalist music;
aleatory music;
and more.