Liszt
Kodály
Bartók
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Hungary
Hungary is one of the countries
where the national trend
found its expression with exceptional success, thanks to two composers,
Bartók
and Kodály,
who strove immensely on the collection of folk songs and orderly documentation
of these songs, in a scientific manner. At the same time, they both used
this musical heritage as raw material for their work.
Bartók, one of the
least conservative composers in Romanticism's
musical landscape, used complex rhythms from the Balkan folk
music
in his music
(the Balkan peninsula spread from Greece and
Macedonia in the south to Hungary
in the north). These rhythms give it energy and vitality. He also
integrated melodic motifs
from Hungarian folk music in his works. His pieces for piano from the "Microcosmos"
series and his famous "Concerto for orchestra"
demonstrate the fascinating combination of a bold, innovative artist and
the captivating ethnic music of Hungary.
Kodaly, Bartok's research
partner, wrote music different in its nature - lyrical, cuddly music. He
used many of the Hungarian tunes in his work (for example, the opera
"Harry Janos"), and even
used ethnic instruments in the performance. He saved a place of honor for
Gypsy tunes (particularly in "Galanta Dances").
Another famous son of Hungary, Ferencz
Liszt,
who spent most of his adulthood outside Hungary (and therefor did not operate
as a musician in his homeland), was interested in Hungarian popular music
and especially that of the Gypsies. He wrote the "Hungarian
Rhapsodies", which are deeply affected by this music.
Dances originated in this country:
Czardas -
a popular Hungarian dance effected by gypsy music. Of binary form (a slow
section followed by a rhythmical none). Liszt introduced it into art music.
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