Kodály - Hungary
Bartók - Hungary
Villa-Lobos - Brazil
Mussorgski - Russia
Borodin - Russia
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Nationalism
The Romantic period was characterized,
among other things, by the artists' immense will to express their country
and make it unique - in music. Especially in the second half of
the 19th century ,
after the 1848 revolutions in Europe, in a
period of growing national consciousness, many composers tended to explore
folk songs
and dances ,
and used elements from the materials they found in their own national music .
At the same time, many of them used folk stories and
myth, as a basis and inspiration for their "symphonic
poems".
This search was, on the one hand, part of the wish to add sources of inspiration
for their art, and to look for new and exotic ways of expression, forms,
scales and rhythms. On the other hand, the so-called "national"
composers saw it as their patriot duty, to identify and strengthen the
music unique to their own people and country, in contrast to the music
of empires and civilizations such as Germany,
Austria
and France.
The Five, The Mighty Five
The Mighty Handful, so named by the Russian
critic and librarian Vladimir Stasov,
were the principal nationalist composers in later
19th century Russia,
following the example of Glinka,
their forerunner. Among them Rimsky-Korsakov,
Borodin
and Mussorgsky,
Balakirev and
Cui.
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Dvorák - Czechoslovakia
Smetana - Czechoslovakia
Sibelius -
Finland
Albéniz -
Spain
Grieg -
Norway
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